https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023000008
A variational mean-field study of clusterization in a zero-temperature system of soft-core bosons
1 Università degli Studi di Messina, Dipartimento di Scenze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
2 Università degli Studi di Messina, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, c.da Di Dio, 98166 S. Agata, Messina, Italy
∗ Corresponding author: sprestipino@unime.it
Published online: 11 March 2020
We work out the ground-state diagram of weakly-repulsive penetrable bosons, using mean-field theory with a Gaussian ansatz on the single-particle wave function. Upon compression, the fluid transforms into a cluster supersolid, whose structure is characterized for various choices of the embedding space. In Euclidean space, the stable crystals are those with the most compact structure, i.e., triangular and fcc in two and three dimensions, respectively. For particles confined in a spherical surface, as the sphere radius increases we observe a sequence of transitions between different cluster phases, all having a regular or semiregular polyhedron as supporting frame for the clusters. The present results are relevant for the behavior of ultracold bosons weakly coupled to a Rydberg state.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020
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