https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920803001
The cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with the new Tibet hybrid experiment
1
Department of Physics, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
2
Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
4
Department of Mathematics and Physics, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
5
Department of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China
6
Department of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
7
Institute of Modern Physics, SouthWest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
8
Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
9
Faculty of Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan
10
Department of Physics, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, Japan
11
Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
12
Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
13
Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
14
Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8582, Japan
15
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
16
National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
17
School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian 271018, China
18
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
19
National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
20
Sakushin Gakuin University, Utsunomiya 321-3295, Japan
21
College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China
22
Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology, Tokyo 116-8523, Japan
23
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich D-80805, Germany
24
College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino 275-8576, Japan
25
Shonan Institute of Technology, Fujisawa 251-8511, Japan
26
Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura 319-1195, Japan
* e-mail: huangjing@ihep.ac.cn
Published online: 10 May 2019
We have upgraded the new Tibet ASgamma experiment in China since 2014 to measure the chemical composition of cosmic rays around the knee. This hybrid experiment consist of an air-shower-core detector array (YAC-II) to detect high energy electromagnetic component, the Tibet air-shower array (Tibet-III) and a large underground water-Cherenkov muon-detector array (MD). We have carried out a detailed air-shower Monte Carlo (MC) simulation to study the performance of the hybrid detectors by using CORSIKA (version 7.5000), which includes EPOS-LHC, QGSJETII-04, SIBYLL2.1 and SIBYLL2.3 hadronic interaction models. The preliminary results of the interaction model checking above 50 TeV energy region are reported in this paper, and the primary proton and helium spectra in the energy range 50 TeV to 1015 eV was derived from YAC-I data and is smoothly connected with direct observation data at lower energies and also with our previously reported works at higher energies within statistical errors. The knee of the (P+He) spectra is located around 400 TeV. The interaction model dependence in deriving the primary (P+He) spectra is found to be small (less than 25% in absolute intensity, 10% in position of the knee), and the composition model dependence is less than 10% in absolute intensity.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019
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