https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920803002
Summary of the main results of the KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande experiments
1
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy
2
Institut für Kernphysik, KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
3
Universidad Michoacana, Inst. Física y Matemáticas, Morelia, Mexico
4
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
5
Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
6
Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, INAF Torino, Italy
7
Universidade São Paulo, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Brasil
8
Fachbereich Physik, Universität Wuppertal, Germany
9
Department of Physics, Siegen University, Germany
10
Dept. of Astrophysics, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
11
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Department of Astrophysics, Lodz, Poland
12
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
13
Department of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
* e-mail: andrea.chiavassa@to.infn.it
Published online: 10 May 2019
The KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande experiments operated in KIT-Campus North, Karlsruhe (Germany) from 1993 to 2012. The two experiments studied primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 1014 eV to 1018 eV, investigating the change of slope of the spectrum detected at 2 - 4 × 1015 eV, the so called knee. We briefly review the performance of the experiments and then the main results obtained in the operation of both experiments: the test of hadronic interaction models, the all particle primary spectrum, the elemental composition of primary cosmic rays (with the first claim of a knee-like feature of the heavy primaries spectrum) and the search for large scale anisotropies.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
