Proceedings

EPJ B Highlight - Conductor turned insulator amid disorder

The fractal structure of the spatial spread of electrons in two-dimensional model of a spatially disordered lattice.

Study analyses how disorder in the way atoms are connected in a material influences electric conductivity

Some materials that are inherently disordered display unusual conductivity, sometimes behaving like insulators and sometimes like conductors. Physicists have now analysed the conductivity in a special class of disordered materials. Martin Puschmann from the Technical University Chemnitz, Germany, and colleagues have demonstrated that electrons in the materials studied display a multifractal spatial structure at the transition between conductive and insulating behaviour. These findings have just been published by in EPJ B.

The disordered materials under scrutiny in this study consist of networks of atoms that are connected randomly, in contrast to the regular alignment of atoms within a crystal. They are found, for example, in amorphous solids such as glass as well as in biological tissue made of an assembly of cells. The random organisation of the atoms dramatically affects the electrical conductivity at the quantum scale.

To study the specific characteristics of electric conductivity, the authors performed large-scale computer simulations. They first created model lattices with randomly positioned atoms and connections. They then computed the function describing how the electrons move on these lattices—known as quantum-mechanical wave functions. If these wave functions spread out, the material is a conductor, if they remain localised, it is an insulator.

Incidentally, over fifty years ago, Philip Anderson showed that impurities and defects can turn materials from metallic-style conductors into insulators.

When the material is right at the threshold between conductor and insulator, the electron wave functions have a most peculiar spatial structure, as Puschmann and colleagues show. Indeed, they are multi fractals-- interwoven sets of different fractals, each with its own dimension. By computing and analysing the spectrum of these dimensions, they obtained a fingerprint of its spatial structure. This, in turn, opened the door to understanding how the disorder turns the material from conductor to insulator.

This was our first experience of publishing with EPJ Web of Conferences. We contacted the publisher in the middle of September, just one month prior to the Conference, but everything went through smoothly. We have had published MNPS Proceedings with different publishers in the past, and would like to tell that the EPJ Web of Conferences team was probably the best, very quick, helpful and interactive. Typically, we were getting responses from EPJ Web of Conferences team within less than an hour and have had help at every production stage.
We are very thankful to Solange Guenot, Web of Conferences Publishing Editor, and Isabelle Houlbert, Web of Conferences Production Editor, for their support. These ladies are top-level professionals, who made a great contribution to the success of this issue. We are fully satisfied with the publication of the Conference Proceedings and are looking forward to further cooperation. The publication was very fast, easy and of high quality. My colleagues and I strongly recommend EPJ Web of Conferences to anyone, who is interested in quick high-quality publication of conference proceedings.

On behalf of the Organizing and Program Committees and Editorial Team of MNPS-2019, Dr. Alexey B. Nadykto, Moscow State Technological University “STANKIN”, Moscow, Russia. EPJ Web of Conferences vol. 224 (2019)

ISSN: 2100-014X (Electronic Edition)

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